NPTEL Smart Grid Basics to Advanced Technologies Week 1 And 2 Assignment Answers 2024
1. Which of the following is the guide for the Interoperability of Energy Storage Integrated with Electric Power Infrastructure?
A) IEEE P2030
B) IEEE P2030.1
C) IEEE P2030.2
D) IEEE P2030.3
✅ Answer: B – IEEE P2030.1
Explanation:
IEEE P2030.1 specifically addresses guidelines for energy storage interoperability with electric power infrastructure, complementing the broader P2030 family.
2. IEC 61400-25 provides:
A) Uniform information exchange for monitoring and control of wind power plants
B) Data communications between RTUs and IEDs
C) Communication configuration and mappings
D) Cyber security mechanism
✅ Answer: A – Uniform information exchange for monitoring and control of wind power plants
Explanation:
IEC 61400-25 is a wind-specific standard ensuring interoperability of wind turbines via consistent data exchange models.
3. In the context of signal conditioning, to avoid inaccuracy during aliasing:
A) Frequency of input signal = Nyquist frequency
B) Frequency of input signal < Nyquist frequency
C) Frequency of input signal ≤ Nyquist frequency
D) Frequency of input signal ≥ Nyquist frequency
✅ Answer: D – Frequency of input signal ≥ Nyquist frequency
Explanation:
To avoid aliasing, the sampling frequency must be at least twice the input frequency, i.e., follow the Nyquist criterion.
4. IRIG-B time code is currently widely used as time synchronization protocol in:
A) Transmission automation
B) Generation automation
C) Substation automation
D) All of the above
✅ Answer: C – Substation automation
Explanation:
IRIG-B is most commonly used in substations for synchronizing IEDs and PMUs to a precise time reference.
5. Grid assets are bought and sold in which domain?
A) Operations
B) Distribution
C) Service Provider
D) Markets
✅ Answer: D – Markets
Explanation:
The Markets domain involves economic transactions and trading of energy or related grid services like storage, demand response, etc.
6. What is/are the boundaries of the customer domain?
A) Utility meter
B) Energy Service Interface
C) Both of them
D) None of them
✅ Answer: C – Both of them
Explanation:
The customer domain in smart grid architecture is bounded by both the utility meter and the Energy Service Interface (ESI).
7. Which component of SCADA presents data to master station?
A) DPA
B) RTDB
C) DTA
D) DCA
✅ Answer: A – DPA (Data Presentation Agent)
Explanation:
The DPA is responsible for presenting collected and processed data from field devices to the master SCADA station for monitoring.
8. Which of the following is the IEEE Standard Conformance Test Procedures for Equipment Interconnecting Distributed Resources with Electric Power Systems?
A) IEEE Standard 1547.1
B) IEEE Standard 1547.2
C) IEEE Standard 1547.3
D) IEEE Standard 1547.4
✅ Answer: A – IEEE Standard 1547.1
Explanation:
IEEE 1547.1 defines test procedures to ensure devices connecting to the grid comply with IEEE 1547 interconnection requirements.
9. The standard IEEE C37.118 provides:
A) Time synchronization aspects
B) Method of evaluating a PMU measurement and requirements
C) Communication requirements of distributed energy resources
D) Cyber security aspects
✅ Answer: B – Method of evaluating a PMU measurement and requirements
Explanation:
IEEE C37.118 focuses on PMU (Phasor Measurement Unit) standards, including measurement accuracy and data formats.
10. To support compatibility of meter measurement data and for management of the meters from the MDMS (Meter Data Management System), it is necessary that meters supplied by different vendors conform to common standard(s) of:
A) ANSI C12.19
B) C12.22
C) Both
D) None of the above
✅ Answer: C – Both
Explanation:
ANSI C12.19 covers the data model, while C12.22 addresses secure communication – both together ensure interoperability between different vendors’ meters and MDMS systems.
NPTEL Smart Grid Basics to Advanced Technologies Week 2 Assignment Answers
1. Irradiance is measured in:
A) Watt per meter
B) Kilowatt per kilometre
C) Watt per feet
D) Watt per meter square
✅ Answer: D – Watt per meter square
Explanation:
Irradiance refers to the power per unit area received from the sun and is measured in W/m² (Watt per square meter).
2. Solar Charge Controllers:
A) Prevent battery overcharge
B) Block reverse current
C) Prevent electrical overload
D) All of these
✅ Answer: D – All of these
Explanation:
Solar charge controllers protect the battery from overcharging, prevent reverse current at night, and ensure the system doesn’t overload.
3. The amount of power available in the wind at any instant is proportional to _ of the wind speed.
A) Square root power of two
B) Square root power of three
C) Square power
D) Cube power
✅ Answer: D – Cube power
Explanation:
Wind power is proportional to the cube of wind speed: P∝v3P \propto v^3P∝v3
This means a small increase in wind speed causes a large increase in available power.
4. A PV array has the open circuit voltage 370V, short circuit current 28A, and maximum power is 8kW. Find the fill factor.
A) 0.66
B) 0.55
C) 0.77
D) 0.88
✅ Answer: C – 0.77
Explanation:
Fill Factor (FF) is calculated as: FF=PmaxVoc×Isc=8000370×28≈0.77FF = \frac{P_{max}}{V_{oc} \times I_{sc}} = \frac{8000}{370 \times 28} ≈ 0.77FF=Voc×IscPmax=370×288000≈0.77
5. What is the most expensive part of a PV system?
A) Battery storage system
B) Wirings and cables
C) PV array
D) None of these
✅ Answer: C – PV array
Explanation:
The PV array (solar panels) accounts for the largest cost component in most solar energy systems, sometimes over 50% of total cost.
6. Nacelle does not consist which of the following?
A) Gear box
B) High-speed shaft
C) Brake
D) Wind vane
✅ Answer: D – Wind vane
Explanation:
The wind vane is usually mounted outside the nacelle, typically on top of the turbine housing, to detect wind direction.
7. The main impact of series resistance is to __ the fill factor.
A) Increase
B) Decrease
C) Double
D) Multiply
✅ Answer: B – Decrease
Explanation:
High series resistance in solar cells causes voltage drop, leading to a lower fill factor and reduced efficiency.
8. Why is the low speed shaft connected to the gearbox?
A) To increase stability
B) To increase the rpm
C) To decrease the stress
D) None of these
✅ Answer: B – To increase the rpm
Explanation:
The low-speed shaft turns slowly and feeds into a gearbox that increases the rotation speed for the high-speed generator shaft.
9. Which is(are) not a part(s) of Remote Terminal Unit (RTU):
A) Data collection application (DCA)
B) Data translation application (DTA)
C) Real-time database (RTDB) server
D) Historical server
✅ Answer: D – Historical server
Explanation:
RTUs handle real-time data acquisition and control; historical servers are usually part of central SCADA, not RTUs.
10. In smart meters; which type of communication technique(s) is(are) used:
A) Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN)
B) Ethernet
C) ZigBee
D) All of the above
✅ Answer: D – All of the above
Explanation:
Smart meters support multiple communication technologies like PSTN, Ethernet, ZigBee, GPRS, or RF mesh depending on network architecture.